Botanicals contain pharmacologically active compounds. That is the entire reason anyone takes them. The same property that makes an ingredient worth including makes interaction possible.
Surveys consistently find that a large share of supplement users never tell their doctor what they take. The MedlinePlus supplement guidance is explicit on this point: your prescriber needs the full list, including anything you consider harmless.
| Medication class | Concern |
|---|---|
| Nitrates (nitroglycerin, isosorbide) | Additional vasodilation from nitric-oxide support can drop blood pressure dangerously |
| Blood pressure medication | Additive hypotensive effect |
| Anticoagulants / antiplatelets | Several botanicals affect platelet function |
| Thyroid medication | Ashwagandha may influence thyroid hormone levels |
| Diabetes medication | Some botanicals affect blood glucose, risking hypoglycaemia |
| Sedatives | Additive drowsiness with some adaptogens |
Tell your surgeon and anaesthetist about every supplement you take, ideally two weeks before any procedure. Several botanicals affect bleeding or interact with anaesthetic agents, and many surgical teams ask patients to stop supplements pre-operatively for exactly this reason.
This is not an argument against botanicals. It is an argument against taking them silently. Most people take supplements without incident; the exceptions cluster heavily among people who never mentioned it to anyone with the training to spot the problem.
See also: side effects and who should avoid this ingredient class.

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